ECtHR recognises transexuality as a protected stand-alone discrimination ground under European Convention
ECtHR recognises transexuality as a protected stand-alone ground under Article 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights.
In its decision in a custody-case of a spanish trans woman (P.V. v. Spain (application no. 35159/09)), the European Court for Human Rights established clearly that transsexualism was a notion covered by Article 14, which contained a non-exhaustive list of prohibited grounds for discrimination.
This had previously been a major stumbling block for transgender applicants, whose Article 14 claims would normally be incorporated in the analysis under different articles of the European Convention on Human Rights.
The Convention enshrines the minimum human rights standards all member states of the Council of Europe have signed up to. You can find here the text of the Convention in English.